PCOD / PCOS Treatment in Ranchi

Irregular periods, acne, excess hair growth and difficulty in conceiving are common reasons women consult a gynecologist. One possible cause is PCOD or PCOS, a hormonal condition that affects many women of reproductive age. The Gynaecology department at Santevita Hospital, Ranchi, lists PCOS and menstrual disorders among the conditions it treats, and the hospital also provides antenatal care. This page explains the difference between PCOD and PCOS, the symptoms, how it is diagnosed, the treatment options, lifestyle measures and when to see a gynecologist.

PCOD vs PCOS

In everyday use, the two names are often used for the same problem. Doctors generally use the term PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) for the condition. It is usually diagnosed when at least two of these three features are present, after other causes have been ruled out:

• Irregular or absent ovulation, which shows up as irregular or missed periods
• Signs of higher levels of male-type hormones (androgens), such as acne or excess facial and body hair, or raised levels on blood tests
• Ovaries that look polycystic on ultrasound

The word PCOD is often used when the ovaries contain many small follicles. A proper evaluation is needed to know exactly what is going on, because other conditions, including thyroid problems, can cause similar symptoms.

Symptoms

PCOS affects women differently. Common symptoms include:

• Periods that are irregular, infrequent, heavy or missing
• Acne, oily skin or hair thinning on the scalp
• Excess hair on the face, chest or abdomen
• Weight gain, especially around the abdomen
• Darkening of the skin in folds, such as the neck or underarms
• Difficulty in conceiving

Not every woman has all of these. Having one symptom does not mean you have PCOS, and that is why an evaluation by a gynecologist matters. Symptoms often begin in the teenage years, soon after periods start, but they may also appear later, for example after weight gain. Some women find out about PCOS only when they try to conceive.

Tests and diagnosis

Your doctor begins with your menstrual history, symptoms, family history and an examination. The following tests may be advised, depending on your case:

• Blood tests for hormones, such as testosterone, prolactin and thyroid function
• Blood sugar and cholesterol tests, because PCOS is linked with insulin resistance
• An ultrasound of the pelvis to look at the ovaries and the lining of the uterus
• Measurement of blood pressure, weight and waist size

The aim is to confirm PCOS and to rule out other causes of irregular periods. At the first visit, bring a record of your period dates for the last few months, your medicine list and any earlier reports. This helps the doctor see the pattern.

Treatment options

There is no single treatment for everyone. Care is planned around your symptoms, age and whether you want to become pregnant.

• Lifestyle measures are the first step and are important for most women.
• Medicines to regulate periods, such as hormonal tablets, may be advised if you do not plan a pregnancy right now. They also help protect the lining of the uterus.
• Medicines for acne and excess hair may be advised. Santevita Hospital also has a Dermatology department.
• Medicines that improve insulin response may be used in selected women.
• Medicines to help ovulation may be advised if you are trying to conceive.

Do not start or stop hormonal medicines on your own. Treatment should be taken only on your doctor's advice. PCOS needs long-term care, so you will be asked to return for review. The doctor can then see how your periods, weight, skin and blood tests are responding and adjust the plan.

Diet and lifestyle

Lifestyle changes can improve periods and overall health in many women with PCOS.

• Eat regular balanced meals with vegetables, fruit, pulses, whole grains and enough protein.
• Cut down on sugary drinks, sweets, refined flour and deep-fried snacks.
• Aim for at least 150 minutes of physical activity a week, such as brisk walking, cycling or yoga.
• If you are overweight, even a modest loss of weight can help your cycles and blood sugar.
• Sleep well and manage stress.

Diet needs differ from person to person. A dietitian or your doctor can suggest a plan that suits you. Emotional health matters too. Women with PCOS may feel anxious or low, or worry about appearance and fertility. Talking to your doctor or a counsellor helps, and Santevita Hospital has a Psychiatry and Psychology department.

Fertility and long-term health

PCOS can make ovulation irregular, which can make it harder to conceive. Many women with PCOS do become pregnant, some on their own and some with medical help. If you are planning a pregnancy, a consultation before you conceive helps the doctor review your health and medicines. Pregnancy care is offered by the Obstetrics team at Santevita Hospital. Once pregnant, women with PCOS need regular antenatal care, because the risk of gestational diabetes and high blood pressure in pregnancy can be higher. Your doctor will monitor these through blood pressure checks, blood sugar tests and scans.

Santevita Hospital is introducing a fertility clinic that will offer IUI (intrauterine insemination), in which specially prepared sperm is placed in the uterus around the time of ovulation. IUI is suitable only in certain situations, and it is considered after a proper evaluation of both partners. Your doctor will tell you whether it is appropriate for you.

PCOS can also raise the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, fatty liver and thickening of the uterine lining when periods are very infrequent. Regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle help you stay ahead of these risks.

When to see a gynecologist

Consult a gynecologist if you:

• Have irregular periods for three months or more, or have not had periods
• Notice excess hair growth, severe acne or sudden weight gain
• Have been trying to conceive for a year, or six months if you are over 35
• Have very heavy or painful periods
• Have been told you have PCOS, but have not had a review for a long time

Teenagers with very irregular periods, severe acne or excess hair should also be evaluated. Early advice helps prevent problems later.

Frequently asked questions

Can PCOD go away completely?

PCOD and PCOS are long-term conditions. Symptoms can be managed well with lifestyle changes and medical care, and the plan is reviewed from time to time.

Does PCOS affect pregnancy?

It can affect ovulation and make conception slower. Many women conceive with the right care. During pregnancy, regular antenatal check-ups are important.

Which tests are done?

Usually hormone and thyroid tests, blood sugar and cholesterol tests, and a pelvic ultrasound. Your doctor decides which are right for you.

Do I need medicines for life?

Not always. Some women manage with lifestyle changes, while others need medicines for a period of time. Your doctor will review your plan regularly.

Can PCOS cause weight gain?

PCOS can make weight gain easier, especially around the abdomen, and weight gain can make symptoms worse. Healthy eating and regular activity help.

Can I take medicines suggested by a friend or online?

No. PCOS treatment is individual, and hormonal medicines need a doctor's advice.

Book a consultation

To consult the Gynaecology department or ask about OPD timings, call Santevita Hospital, Ranchi, on 073600 33390.